Archive for the ‘Feeding Our Animals’ Category

Dec
22

12 Days of Grub: Day 10 – Ten Chimps a Chasing

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees,Feeding Our Animals,Gift of Grub

On the Tenth Day of Grub, your zoo gift will help to feed…Ten Chimps a Chasing, Nine Fruit Bats Flying, Eight Giraffes a Galloping, Seven Snakes a Slithering, Six Mole-rats Mining, Five Golden Frogs, Four Calling Birds, Three Wild Dogs, Two Grizzly Bears, and Darwin the Cassowary! CLICK HERE to read them all!

For most wild animals, the acquisition and consumption of food is not just a casual activity, but in fact a full-time job.  A wild chimpanzee in Africa must always be on the search for ripe fruit, edible greens, tasty termites or ants, hard-shelled nuts  and yes, even small animals to hunt and eat.

Although we can’t re-create a wild chimpanzee diet, here at the Houston Zoo, we provide our chimps with a healthy variety of food including many types of lettuce, fruits, vegetables, nuts, different types of local plants and a specialized “biscuit” made for primates in zoos.  We also give them many types of treats which make up only a small portion of their diet, but are their favorites, including popcorn, peanut butter, honey and fruit juice.

Lucy enjoys some sweet potato and sunshine

Our chimps did not grow up hunting or eating termites, ants or meat, so this is not included in their Houston Zoo diet, but they are given the daily opportunity to show off their amazing ability to use tools by “fishing” for sweet or savory treats in our termite mound replica.

The chimps enjoy using sticks to “fish” for delicious treats

In order to keep their day interesting and to keep them active, the chimps’ meals are provided at different times throughout the day.  One of their favorite types of food is “browse”, or edible plants collected for them throughout the zoo by our own amazing Horticulture team.  Everyday the chimps get some combination of mulberry, banana leaves, willow, fig leaves or other edible plants.

Mac enjoys fig leaves

Chimps aren’t great at sharing their food with one another with a few notable exceptions (moms and their babies, males “wooing” receptive females, etc.)   They have a fairly stable social hierarchy and the higher-ranking chimps have first access to the yummy stuff.  For that reason, it is important that we make sure the food is scattered throughout the chimps’ entire habitat so that each member has the opportunity to collect food, and there is always enough for everyone.

Feeding the zoo’s animals is one of the best parts of being a zookeeper.  We enjoy giving them their food almost as much as they enjoy eating it!

Give the Gift of Grub this holiday season to help provide tasty meals for our chimpanzees and all of the animals at the Houston Zoo!  Our chimps send their ape-preciation for your support.

Thank you also to TXU Energy for generously matching the first $25,000 in donations this year!

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Jan
12

Give the Gift of Crickets to Houston Toads

Posted by in Amphibians,Endangered,Feeding Our Animals

Proud Texans want to preserve our natural heritage, and the Houston toad is a part of that heritage.

Thank you All for your donations so far to our Gift of Grub Campaign. The year is over but you can still contribute if you had been wanting to  but the holidays kept you busy. Help us to feed our 6,000 animals and priovide everything they need to be healthy and happy in the coming year by clicking www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub or our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

 

AN ENDANGERED TOAD OF TEXAS NEEDS OUR HELP!

Did you know the Houston toad has not been seen in Houston since the 1960’s? It was the first amphibian ever placed on the Endangered Species List and is still considered one of the most endangered in North America. Although it once hopped in the Hous­ton area, rapid growth of the city resulting in habitat loss caused their disappearance in this area. Today, only a few hundred remain in the wild, and only in a handful of rural counties in the sandy soils of east central Texas.

A Houston toad in hand is worth.... lots!

Why should we care about the Houston Toad?
Toads and other amphibians control the insect population and are indicators of the health of our environment. The Houston toad is the only “endemic” toad in Texas. This means this species can be found in Texas and nowhere else on the planet. If they disappear from Texas, they are gone forever. Proud Texans want to preserve our natural heritage, and the Houston toad is a part of that heritage.

 What the Houston Zoo is doing to help Houston Toads
Did you know that at any given time, we care for thousands of Houston toads behind the scenes at the Zoo? At the moment, our Amphibian Conservation Programs Manager, Paul Crump, the Herpetology staff, and our dedicated Houston Toad Keeper are diligently caring for 4,000 endangered toads! When Houston toad eggs are found in the wild, they are carefully transported to our quarantine facility. The tadpoles will eventually emerge from the eggs and go through metamorphosis in a safe environment without threat from predators. In the wild only 2 out of every 1,000 toads will make it to adulthood. They are a vital part of the food web and are food for many other animals. Adult toads are then released back to the ponds they came from with hopes they will now be able to survive and reproduce. This type of conservation strategy has been proven effective in other endangered species recovery efforts. Because they are endangered, we are giving them a “head start” by helping them through this vulnerable part of their existence. A head start means a “favorable or promising beginning”.

What you can do to help Houston Toads
Help us to feed them by donating to our Gift of Grub campaign!

A Bug-Munching Mania
At the Zoo, the tadpoles feed on algae, sweet potatoes and leafy greens until they pop out their legs, develop lungs and emerge from their aquatic environment. Then dinner then switches to crickets – lots and lots of crickets! During the height of our Houston toad capacity in the spring our little toads will go through 1 million crickets per week! And let me tell you,  if you are looking to start a profitable new business, you should look into cricket breeding! Crickets are super-dooper expensive!

We are currently attempting to set up our own cricket colony at the Zoo and plan to add Mung beetles to the Houston toad menu as well.

Variety is the spice of life, even for a toad!

Learn more about Houston toads and how we are helping to preserve Texas wildlife at http://www.houstonzoo.org/HoustonToad/.  You can also pick up the November 2011 Texas Parks and Wildlife Magazine to read all about the recovery of the Houston toad in Texas.

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Dec
31

Give the Gift of Grub to 6,000 animals at the Houston Zoo

Posted by in Feeding Our Animals,Holidays

It’s New Years Eve folks!  The last day of the year to contribute to our Gift of Grub fundraising campaign and receive a tax deduction for  2010. Help us to feed our 6,000 animals and priovide everything they need to be healthy and happy in the coming year by clicking http://www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub/ or our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

We’ve looked all month in this blog series at just what it takes to feed our 6, 000 animals at the Houston Zoo, and provide what they need to be healthy and happy.

It all starts with our commissary, and while our first five blog posts focus on the variety of items they procure and prepare, this video gives you a true feel for what goes on while the rest of us are still asleep…

Have a safe and happy New Years Eve everyone!

We appreciate you so much for visiting us here to read our four blogs, to comment, Like, Tweet and share them on Facebook.

There’s all kinds of fun and interesting things in store for our blog readers in the coming year so we’ll see you in 2011!

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Dec
30

Gift of Grub Series: Browse on Zoo Grounds

Posted by in Feeding Our Animals,Horticulture

Please consider giving a year-end, tax-deductible gift of grub to help feed our animals in the coming year by clicking www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub or our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

A snack for Toby, the red panda

This month-long series has mentioned so many kinds of foods that are bought or ordered by the commissary, then further prepared and dispensed by keepers. In almost each post you may have noticed the use of the mysterious term “browse” that many of our animals get as well.

A babirusa with fresh browse

Browse simply means the leaves and tender shoots that our animals might come across to nibble on in daily life in the wild.  We duplicate this by providing browse for them in their habitats.  The thing that may be a surprise to our guests is that we grow quite a bit of this browse on grounds.

Our Coquerel Sifaka dives in

We have a large, full-time horticulture team, led by Joe Williams. Like the old phrase, they are at hard at work outside, whether it’s in pouring rain, cold temps, or high humindity. Monday through Friday they spent between four and six hours doing cutting browse, which accrues anywhere from 100 to 200 pounds of it a day!  

Horticulture Manager Joe Williams and some of his team collect browse grown on grounds almost every day

Most of the plants and trees used for browse grow naturally, so they don’t take a lot of time or energy to plant.  We do add ginger, banana and a variety of bamboos, but those are planted in the Zoo’s overall landscape and when they are normally trimmed, that’s used as browse. 

A little nosh for our South American Tapir

At some point, horitculture may plant a browse garden or pockets of browse in a couple locations on Zoo property.  Proper pruning techniques are used to ensure that the health of the plants or he aestheics of the Zoo grounds are not affected.

Written by Rochelle Joseph, and Joe Williams, Horticulture Manager 

Our handsome okapi say gimme some browse!

It takes $600,000 a year to feed our over 6,000 animals at the Houston Zoo. That’s a big bill!

Please consider gifting your furry, feathered and fanged friends this holiday with a tax-deductible donation  during our Gift of Grub campaign at: http://www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub/ or click the Contribute button on Facebook!

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Dec
29

Give the Gift of Grub: Feeding 800 Birds

Posted by in Birds,Feeding Our Animals

Please consider giving a year-end, tax-deductible gift of grub to help feed our animals in the coming year by clicking www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub or our our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

At the Houston Zoo Bird department, we make A LOT of diets. We have over 800 birds in our collection and they need to be fed every day.

A handful of our staff are what we call “kitchen keepers.”  We have one main kitchen keeper and some substitute keepers that come in around 5 a.m. each morning to get diet ingredients for 4 out of 5 different areas within the department ready for the rest of us when we come in at 7a.m.

 

Each area will bring a tub out to their section that is full different types of food  – fruits, veggies, different kinds of pellets, a mixture of lettuces, meat, and supplemental food items, like the ones you see below:

 

We prepare over 185 diets –  80 trays and 105 bowls of food — and distribute them in the actual exhibits.

There are a few special birds that get fed differently based on the way they would eat in the wild. Some, like our Cinereous Vultures, have their food given to them as if they were coming across carrion, while Kookaburras are encouraged to fly down to the ground to “catch” their food. Our ducks on Duck Lake are given their food, in pellet form, on the ground to replicate how they would find food naturally. Then the flamingos are given a pellet that is distributed on the surface of their pool so they can eat by filter feeding.

Feeding the birds at the Houston Zoo is a lot of work but it is also a lot of fun!

By Jessica Clark, Senior Bird Keeper

How much does it cost to feed your family for a year? At the Houston Zoo, our annual grocery bill adds up to more than $600,000! With a bill that big, imagine the impact that your support could have. Your gift might help purchase these tasty treats for 800 beaks. Make your tax-deductible donation at www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub or, click our our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

You can email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

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Dec
23

Gift of Grub: Primates

Posted by in Feeding Our Animals,Primates

We all eat to live (although some of us live to eat) and primates are no exception. In fact, if you go to visit monkeys and apes in nature, what you will probably see is foraging and lots of eating.

Here at the Houston Zoo, we spend as much time preparing animal food as the animals do consuming it. From the Commissary, where the dietary items are delivered and freshly prepped, to the primate kitchen, where the ingredients are made into individual diets, we are busy nearly all day making sure our animals are well fed.

Primates are primarily vegetarian, so we have a great assortment of beautiful fruits and vegetables to turn into monkey meals.

They get most of their essential nutrition from their primate biscuits: dense little packets of grains, vitamins and minerals that we feed early in the day, when everyone is the hungriest —  sort of like making sure children get their spinach before they can have dessert. Then, throughout the rest of the day, our animals are working hard to look for the rest of their diets, just as they do in the wild.

Part of making sure that our primates stay healthy is making sure they expend calories prior to taking in calories: they work for a living by looking for food that is scattered or hidden around their enclosures.

The bulk of their diets are made up of the many leafy greens that approximate the vegetation that they eat in the forests of their native habitat. The remainder of their food (depending on the species, of course) is usually fresh produce: from blueberries to avocados, these animals get the best, the most healthful and the most delicious of assortments. And, of course, we throw in a lovely array of insects that are the smattering of protein that many of our primates love to crunch on. Mealworms, waxworms, crickets and goliath worms are a tiny bit of dining entertainment that our animals have come to appreciate.

The best part of being a monkey (at least an Old World Monkey, from Africa or Asia) is that most of them have cheek pouches.

These handy pockets are useful for cramming as much fruit into your face as possible and then going off to eat it leisurely and privately, without competition from more dominant group members. For the keepers and guests, watching the animals literally “stuffing their faces” and enjoying their food is the best part of the entire diet process!

Written by Lynn Killam, Primate Supervisor

How much does it cost to feed your family for a year? At the Houston Zoo, our annual grocery bill adds up to more than $600,000! With a bill that big, imagine the impact that your support could have. Your gift might help purchase a tasty steak (or ten) for our tigers. Make your tax-deductible donation at www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub. or, click our our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

You can email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

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Dec
18

Gift of Grub: Feeding the Carnivore Crowd

Posted by in Carnivores,Feeding Our Animals

4:45 AM.  There is an annoying drone of music coming from my bedside stand.  The alarm has signaled that it is time to get up and head into work.  I drop my daughter at daycare and arrive at the zoo by 6:50 AM to start work by 7:00 AM. My day begins like many other keepers’ days.  I often find myself scarfing down breakfast during the morning meeting and then walking to the Carnivore buildings to start feeding the animals.

The Carnivore department encompasses a variety of shapes, sizes, and diets.  The lions and tigers are served raw meat while the wolves and bears receive omnivore diets.  The commissary staff arrives at the zoo even earlier than I do in the morning in order to have all of our diets delivered before 7:00 AM.

The carnivore kitchen becomes crowded as each keeper sidles in to sort through the containers and seize those belonging to the section they are working that day.

Dedicated keepers are up early, working in close quarters to prepare each animal's meal

The two keepers elbowing each other at the counter are most likely the wolf keeper, who needs to chop the fruit small so the wolves will eat it, and the tiger keeper, who is sorting meat for the 13 animals residing in the Tiger Building.

Pandu, the tiger, gets a little grumpy if his breakfast is late.  He receives 7 lbs. of meat a day, except for Thursdays when he receives large bones.

Each diet is weighed according to a specific animal's needs

I often use his meat for an early morning training session and will sometimes save a little portion for a late afternoon treat.  He always seems to know if I am holding a little back and will sometimes vocalize as if to tell me he is onto me.

Both fossa receive thawed rats on Thursdays and Saturdays.  There are times when keepers can hear Hansel, the fossa, on the other end of the building as he vocalizes to everyone who will listen about his rat.  Cleaning holding on those days is often fun as he inevitably leaves behind treats, such as rat body parts, for us to find.  Though the lions, tigers, and bears do not care for rats, our other animals appear to look forward to “rat days” and consume 24 rats a week.

The fossa says: "Where's my snack?"

Our carnivores are all trained to step up onto a scale at least once a month to be weighed.  Each animal is assigned a target weight range by our veterinarian staff and it is our job to keep them within that range.  If they are above or below that target, their diets are adjusted accordingly.

All in all, our carnivores go through over 84lbs of meat A DAY!  That’s about 336 quarter pound hamburgers!  And it adds up to over 30,000 lbs of meat a year.

Written by Samantha Junker, Carnivore Keeper

How much does it cost to feed your family for a year? At the Houston Zoo, our annual grocery bill adds up to more than $600,000! With a bill that big, imagine the impact that your support could have. Your gift might help purchase a tasty steak (or ten) for our tigers. Make your tax-deductible donation at www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub. or, click our our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook!

You can email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

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Dec
17

The Gift of Grub: Parrot Diet Presentations

Posted by in Birds,Feeding Our Animals

Add a Little Garnish: Variety in Parrot Diets to Encourage Natural Behavior

Many people often question what keepers do here at the Houston Zoo to interact with their animals to provide for their mental well-being. This issue is particularly important with our more intelligent animals; as parrots are some of the most intelligent animals housed at the zoo, it’s important to find a wide array of options for these animals to interact with their environment. One of the easiest things we can do is change the presentation of a diet to encourage different reactions –it’s particularly useful since the majority of a bird’s time in the wild is spent finding food.

A basic diet for a parrot - This food was destined for our Pesquet's Parrot

A normal diet consists of a variety of pellets, seed and fruit. These items are chopped to an appropriate size for the animal. In this way the animals get a variety of food items, but have options on how to deal with them. Say the sweet potato isn’t steamed to the correct texture (at least in the mind of the bird); a parrot can easily pick up these pieces and throw them to the ground. A negative interaction with a food item is still a way for the animal to interact with their environment, albeit a messy and wasteful means.

A finely diced diet to enrich our Blue-throated Conures

One way we can change the interaction with the diet is to dice the food items to be much smaller. Many of the parrots react to the finely diced fruits as if they are completely different food items. Furthermore, it’s much harder for a bird to pick out specific food items… all of it stimulates the bird.

A normal parrot diet obscured by large pieces of lettuce, to encourage a "search" for food

This is a normal diet hidden beneath pieces of lettuce. In spite of this being the SAME diet as the normal diet, many of the birds exhibit a stronger reaction to the ability to “find” their own food.

Multiple food locations work well for encouraging natural behaviors in parrots, in this case our Golden Conures

One of the easiest ways to make the bird feel as though it has total control in its environment is to have food items placed in multiple locations. In this setup we have a bowl containing the nutritionally-fortified pellets and seed, with fruit items in the cage. Due to the nature of the cage feeder, much larger food pieces can be given for the animals to interact with; however, because they are in the cage it is impossible for a bird to throw the entire chunk of food to the ground. 

These are but a few of the ways we work with our animals to provide them a bit more variety and control in their own environment. While this doesn’t begin to cover the wide spectrum of things done to enrich our animals (encouraging natural behavior), it does show how even things as simple as diet presentation need to be taken into account when preparing the food for a captive animal. Besides, who doesn’t like a bit of garnish to accompany their dinner?

Our Blue-throated Conure says he'll be sure to keep an eye on the treats your donation will provide.

It takes $600,000 a year to feed our over 6,000 animals at the Houston Zoo. That’s a big bill!

Please consider gifting your furry, feathered and fanged friends this holiday with a tax-deductible donation  during our Gift of Grub campaign at: http://www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub/ or click the Contribute button on Facebook!

Email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

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Dec
16

Gift of Grub: What do Elephants eat?

Posted by in Elephants,Feeding Our Animals

One of the most common questions that is asked during our keeper chats at the Asian Elephant Habitat is “What do they eat?”  It is hard to imagine just how much one elephant can eat, but we are feeding seven! If you are adding that up, we have over 20 tons of elephant — that is A LOT of food. 

Elephants are herbivores, eating a varied diet including grasses, leafy plants, bamboo, bark and fruits in the wild. Here at the Houston Zoo our elephants eat about 700 pounds of food a day!  This includes 10 bales of hay, weighing about 60 pounds each, 50 pounds of varied produce, 48 bunches of kale, at least 5 pounds of grain, 2-3 loaves of wheat bread and plentiful leafy browse.  Their diet is fed throughout the day as they are naturally grazers, which means they are always searching for food. 

Want an idea of how to keep an 8,000 pound browser happy? First thing in the morning, the herd eats 3 bales of hay and the kale. During our daily Elephant Bath keeper chat, each adult elephant eats about 1 pound of grain, some chopped produce and some bread. Mid-morning, the Elephant keepers spread out 1.5 bales of hay. 

When lunch time arrives, another 1.5 bales are handed out along with a generous portion of leafy browse or bamboo.  Before the keepers leave for the day, we hand out another 4-6 bales of hay for the night.  We also like to hide produce in puzzle feeders (think large barrels with holes) to keep the elephants busy throughout the day, and in the summer they receive bucket-sized ice pops with whole pineapples, mangos, bananas and apples frozen inside.

A sample of what's on the menu for our elephants

And then there’s vitamins – We all know taking our own vitamins is important, and it’s no different for the animals at the Zoo. Our elephants receive a burrito sized vitamin pack of bran, which aids in digestion, Cosequin, to keep their joints healthy, and Vitamin E, which is a naturally occurring vitamin in bamboo.  

In addition to all that food, the Elephant keepers also do a substantial amount of training, which requires most of the produce and bread. Training is important for all our animals at the Zoo, enabling keepers to check and maintain the health of the animals, move them around with little stress and so much more. 

Food and praise are used as reinforcers with our elephants so that we are able to wash them daily, take blood and urine samples, and shift them in and out of the barn, just as examples.  In fact, each adult elephant knows over 50 behaviors!  Training is a way for us to communicate what we need the elephants to do, and food and praise are the rewards, or pay, they receive for even the simplest of behaviors. 

By the end of the day, somehow we have provided our 7 elephants with 700+ pounds of food! By now, you may be wondering, is there such a thing as a picky elephant?  There sure is!  Each elephant has some favorites and some even have foods they dislike.  Here’s some fun food facts:

Thai, 45, isn’t too picky.  Kale is definitely not high on his list, though.  Watermelons are often an exciting reward.

Methai, 41, our oldest female does not like her green vegetables much.  She loves sweet foods.

Tess, 27, loves the seasonal pumpkin and likes to crush them whole in her mouth! 

Tess’s daughter, Tupelo, is only 10 weeks old hasn’t started eating solid foods yet. 

Shanti, 20, likes to crush watermelons with her feet. 

Shanti son Baylor, 7 months, is often seen stealing a piece or two from his mom.  Baylor also enjoys bread and raisins.

And last but not least, Tucker, Tess’s 5 year old son, likes sweet fruits and will often drop his vegetables on the ground.

Written by Andrea Pohlman, Elephant Keeper

It takes $600,000 a year to feed our over 6,000 animals at the Houston Zoo. That’s a big bill!

Please consider gifting your furry, feathered and fanged friends this holiday with a tax-deductible donation  during our Gift of Grub campaign at: http://www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub/ or click the Contribute button on Facebook!

Email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

Our herd says “Trunk You Very Much!”

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Dec
14

Gift of Grub Series: How Animals Get Fed at the Children’s Zoo

Posted by in Children's Zoo,Feeding Our Animals

These questions were asked of Amy Lavergne, Senior Keeper and primary dietician at the McGovern’s Children’s Zoo

What is the first thing you do in the morning?
After our morning meeting, I get the tubs of produce that the commissary has delivered and bring it inside.  Then the tubs are unpacked to check and make sure that everything is there.  Our grains are already measured out and waiting in the refrigerator. 

Diets are ready to go for the animals in the Children's Zoo

The diets for animals in the contact area are the first to get done.  The goats and chickens need to be fed first so they can finish before the contact area opens at 9:30.
 
Are there any animals that like special food?
The guinea hogs and Ernie the porcupine love strawberries.  Our parrots really like corn and grapes.  The bats enjoy their banana the most.  Liberty the bald eagle would probably eat shrimp all day if we would let her.  We keep bread, peanut butter, and jelly on hand to help us give animals their medications.

Are there any foods you wish we got more of?
It would be nice to get more grapes, bones, bananas, and crabs on occasion.  We can get these items when we need them, but some of them are not always in season.

Is it possible to give the animals enrichment with their diet?
Every time we prepare a diet it can be enriching for the animals.  Some people cut produce up smaller than other people.  The next day the animals might get large chunks that they have to work at to eat.  We also use all of the produce that we get.  Anything we have leftover gets turned into ice pops for the animals.

How long does it take to get all the diets done?
All the diets for the day are usually done by 9:30 in the morning.  We like to make sure all the animals get fed by 10:00.  In the afternoon we weigh out all the grains for the next day and put them in the refrigerator.  Weighing out all the grain takes about an hour. 

What tools do you use?
We use a blender to make nectar for the bats.  We use a food processor to cut large amounts of produce into small pieces for the animals.  We go through a lot of knife sharpeners.

Are there any interesting facts about the Children’s Zoo diets?
There are 117 diet sheets for 257 animals.We use 19 different grains and go through 35 pounds of grain a day… which adds up to 245 pounds a week. And we use over 200 chicks and rodents a week.

The Children's Zoo River Otter says Thank You and that her fishie tastes good

All in all, it takes a lot of work but the keepers at the Children’s Zoo do it every single day, 365 days a year!
 
Amy Lavergne interviewed by Tina Carpenter.

Won’t you please support our efforts to feed our the animals in the Children’s Zoo by donating (tax-deductible) to The Gift of Grub at www.houstonzoo.org/gift-of-grub? Or, you can click our our CONTRIBUTE tab on Facebook! Thank you!

Please Email development@houstonzoo.org for more information.

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