Archive for the ‘African Forest’ Category

Chimp Enrichment: A Blanket Statement

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees,Enrichment

If you have visited the chimps in the African Forest, chances are you’ve seen them toting around blankets or resting with them in the hammocks.  “Why in the world would a chimpanzee have a blanket?”, you may be wondering.  Well, because they like them, that’s why!  Our chimps here at he Houston Zoo grew up having blankets to sleep with and to play with, and this affinity has carried over into adulthood.  Blankets are comfy, they smell nice (the keepers launder them regularly), they keep you warm in winter and sometimes, they have treats hidden inside them.  Who doesn’t enjoy a blankie?

Annie (on the ground) and Sally (in the hammock) enjoy their blankets. Photo by Ron Santos.

The chimps don’t have an attachment to any particular blanket, they just want them to be clean and dry.   The keepers make sure there are enough blankets for everyone that wants one, then pick them up for washing when the chimps lose interest.  Sometimes, just to make it interesting, the keepers hide food in a folded blanket, or spread food out on it for a picnic.  A dash of perfume or essential oils makes it even more intriguing.

Blankets are just one of the many types of enrichment we use to keep the chimps engaged and to encourage the expression of  natual behaviors.  “What kind of ‘natural’ behavior can a blanket encourage?”, you are asking yourself.  Chimpanzees, as well as other apes, are nest-builders.  Meaning that whenever and wherever they rest, they will build a “nest” for themselves out of whatever materials are at hand.  In the wild this may be leaves, branches, grasses or even entire small tree limbs.  Often these nests are high in trees to avoid predators.  They rarely use the same nest twice and, except for infants, each chimp makes his or her own nest.  Can you think of a better material for making a nest than a blanket?  Me neither.

Naps and blankets go together like peas and carrots. Or bits of broccoli in this case. Willie napping photo by Ron Santos.

“So what other types of enrichment do the chimps get?”, you are now asking.  You certainly are full of questions today!  Well, since this is one of my favorite subjects, I’ll tell you.

One of the most remarkable discoveries in the field of animal behavior was the observation in 1960 that wild chimpanzees make and use tools.  Previously, it was thought that only human beings were capable of this.  There are many ways in which chimps use tools, but one of the most well-known is using grass stems or sticks to “fish” for termites.  (Click this link for more info on termite fishing.)  Our chimps are not used to eating termites, but they do love a sweet snack, so we load our termite mound replica with semi-liquid food that might be sweet one day, or savory the next.  We try to keep it interesting and different each day.  The only way the chimps can reach their treat is to fish for it using whatever they can find, usually bamboo sticks.  This built-in innovative enrichment device never fails to captivate chimpanzees and guests alike.

Chimps using the termite mound replica. Clockwise from the top: Mac, Lulu, Willie, Riley and Annie. Guests can see what the chimps are fishing for inside the mound. Photo by Ron Santos.

Being intelligent and curious, chimps love to investigate and manipulate objects.  They especially love cardboard and paper that can be torn up and rearranged to their liking.  Cardboard boxes can hide food or treats and then be used for nesting when the food is gone.  Big ones like refrigerator boxes make great forts. (I bet you’ve done this, too, haven’t you?) This type of enrichment is usually reserved for the off-exhibit holding area as it can create quite a mess.

Not all enrichment has to encourage “wild” behaviors; Sometimes it is just something the animal finds interesting and fun. For great apes especially, one such behavior is painting.  Keepers generally hold the canvas with paint on it and hand the animal a paintbrush. Participation in this activity is completely voluntary, but we find the chimps rarely turn down the opportunity to smear the paint around on the canvas… and then eat some of it.  Don’t worry, it’s all non-toxic.  And apparently delicious, though I have not tried it myself.

Charlie working on his masterpiece. And having a paint snack. Bonus!                                               Yet another great photo by Ron Santos.  Thanks, Ron, for all the wonderful pics!
For chimps, though, the ultimate enrichment is other chimps.  By nature chimpanzees are gregarious and have incredibly complex social lives.  Daily, they must negotiate their relationships with each other: cementing friendships and alliances, squabbling over food or toys, resolving conflicts and angling for a higher position on the social ladder.  Our group of five males and five females are incredibly interesting to watch and learn about.  They may just be a great source of enrichment for you!

A gratuitous Willie photo. Taken by, you guessed it, Ron Santos.

“Ape”ril Orangutan Baby Update: Best Job in the World

Posted by in African Forest,Zoo Births

The interest and support for baby Aurora has been overwhelming – thank you to everyone that has posted comments on the blog and Facebook and to everyone that helped us name her! As I did previously with our maned wolf pups, I thought I would dedicate a blog to some of the frequently asked questions and comments.

Aurora naps with volunteer Janet

Do you need more volunteers?

The short answer is yes, the zoo is always looking for more volunteers. However, the volunteers helping take care of Aurora were selected from a group that has already spend significant time working at Orangutans. Some of them have been here since our first orangutan baby 13 years ago! We have a great group of staff and volunteers taking care of Aurora and while we appreciate the offers of help, we are in good shape.

How do I get that job?

Signing up to be a volunteer at the zoo is a great place to start. We have programs for everyone from teenagers to adults. Volunteers help with educational programs, tours, and work side by side with our keepers helping to care for the animals. Every once in a while, a great opportunity like elephant birth watch or baby orangutan duty comes up, and the first people we go to are the ones that have “put in their time” volunteering at the zoo. If you think you want to work with animals for a career, volunteering is a great place to start.

What can I do to help?

You can support the zoo in a variety of ways. Just coming to the zoo makes a difference – your admission or membership helps pay for important things like baby formula and the wages of all the people that are helping care for Aurora. If you’d like to make an additional contribution, check out Willie’s page.

People often think the only way to help is to donate money, but if you can’t do that there are other options. You can volunteer your time, in any of the ways mentioned above. You can help raise awareness for the zoo and for the plight of orangutans in the wild. Orangutans are under serious threat of extinction due to habitat loss. Once again, you can make a difference by providing financial support to projects in the field, but you can also make a difference by being a responsible consumer. Help raise awareness by spreading the word about palm oil and support companies that are orangutan-friendly. Use social media to spread the word to your friends too.

Chimp Profiles: Willie

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees

Last, but assuredly not least, in our chimp profiles is the ever-entertaining Willie.   Willie is the youngest member of the group and definitely the most energetic.  There is little he enjoys more than chasing and wrestling with his older brothers Riley and Mac.  When they get bored, though, any other member will do, even if he has to hit someone with a stick to get them to chase him.  An irritated playmate is better than no playmate at all!  

Willie: Star of the Show, Life of the Party!

Though he might irritate them once in a while (OK, pretty regularly actually), Willie is the social center of the group.  In fact he played a pivotal role when the adult males first began living together after they arrived at the zoo.  Willie’s playfulness relieved tension and eased aggression very quickly, heading off fights before they could begin.

 Willie is also the most interactive with the visitors.  You can usually find him having just as much fun looking at you as you are looking at him!

"Are you looking at me, or am I looking at you?"

Chimp Profiles: Abe

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees

Abe was born in Africa and brought to the U.S. as an infant in the early 1970’s.  

He is one of the oldest members of the group and father to Annie, Sally and Willie.  Though he is the least dominant adult male, he doesn’t seem to mind being the “low guy” all that much.  

Abe likes being in the company of all the other chimps, though he seems to enjoy Maizey and Willie the most.  He’s a great father and play-mate for Willie as he is always up for a game of chase and wrestle.

You can recognize Abe by his thin, wiry build.  He can often be found near the viewing glass playing with Willie, or just lost in his own thoughts.

Abe, Thinking Chimp Thoughts

Chimp Profiles: Maizey, Annie and Sally

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees

Though Maizey and Annie have different parents, they are as close as sisters.  Only a few months apart, they grew up together and always stick up for each other.  No one in the group can pick on one without incurring the wrath of the other.

Annie is strong-willed and definitely likes to get her own way.  She is one of the few members of the group largely immune to Willie’s charms and will not hesitate to let him know he’s out of line.  She’s a loyal friend, though, and generally easygoing.

Annie

Maizey is also usually laid-back, but if you really want to make her angry (and trust me, you don’t!),  just try to come between her and her food.  As long as the other chimps remember this rule, they get along very well with Maizey.

Maizey

Sally is Annie’s sister and just as stubborn, but not as confident.   Sally enjoys wrestling and playing chase with Willie from time to time.  Most often, though, she can be found in her favorite hammock high in the large tree.

Sally

Sally and Annie usually have a blanket with them even in warm weather.  In fact most of the chimps are fond of their blankets and can be seen carrying them around on their backs, or napping with them in the hammocks.

See if you can spot these three sisters next time you’re in The African Forest!

“Ape”ril Announcement: Baby Orangutan!

Posted by in African Forest,Zoo Births

On March 2 Houston Zoo Primate staff were thrilled to discover that orangutan Kelly had given birth overnight. The female infant is the third orangutan born at the zoo and is the sister of 7 year old Solaris and daughter of Doc. Unfortunately Kelly abandoned her within the first 24 hours and the primate staff was forced to intervene. We spent the following days attempting to give the baby back to Kelly with no success.

welcome to the world, kiddo!

Our goal for every primate at the zoo is have their parents raise them whenever possible, but we do intervene if we feel the infant’s health is at risk and that was the case with Kelly and her infant. Fortunately both of them are healthy and we hope to introduce the infant back to Kelly or to Cheyenne, our proven surrogate mom, once she is old enough. In the meantime, we have a big job to do.

Infant orangutans cling to their mothers all the time their first few months of life. In order to simulate this for the infant, caregivers carry her 24 hours a day. She spends her days in the orangutan building at Wortham World of Primates, where she can see all of the orangs and they can all see her. She also requires a bottle of human formula every 2-3 hours day and night so this is literally a full time job. It can be tempting to treat a baby orangutan like a baby human, but our goal is to get her back with orangs, so its critical to make sure she grows up knowing how to be an orangutan.

While we are disappointed that Kelly is not taking care of the infant, we are very lucky to have a team of keepers, supervisors and volunteers that have a great deal of experience caring for baby orangutans. Some of you may recall the first orangutan born here in 1997, Luna, who also had to be raised by keepers. However, she was later introduced to Cheyenne, and since then Cheyenne has adopted two additional orangutans from another zoo, Elok and Indah (Luna and Elok now reside at other zoos). The infant needs to gain a bit of independence before she’s ready to join Cheyenne or go back to Kelly, however, so our team is focused on making sure she is happy, healthy and growing.

Because all this work goes on behind the scenes, you won’t see the infant when you visit the zoo but we will be posting regular updates here on the blog. We’ve also got some additional information on our website, along with a Q&A of frequently asked questions. And you may have noticed she doesn’t have a name. We’re looking for help to pick one, so please help us out with our naming contest!

Witnessing the Birth of a Giraffe at the Houston Zoo

Posted by in African Forest,Babies,Behind the Scenes,Featured,Giraffes,Hoofed Stock

I had the honor of capturing baby giraffe Asali’s birth on film last week for the Houston Zoo’s YouTube Channel. On a busy Friday afternoon in the spring sunshine, Tyra the giraffe began giving birth in the middle of the field in full view of an increasingly large crowd of public. Not long after I arrived, out of breath, having racewalked across the zoo with camera in hand, the keeper staff decided Tyra might appreciate a little privacy. They opened up the gate to the back and waved a green plastic buoy atop a tall bamboo pole. The giraffes notice this as a “come over here if you like” signal. Tyra thought this was a great idea and moseyed into the private back yard, followed by moans of many disappointed guests. For those of you who thought you might have missed the birth, here it is in high definition:

Myself and a few other chosen staff were allowed to follow keepers and vets behind the scenes. It’s not safe to stand in the yard with the giraffes – although they’re completely gentle, there’s always a risk of one accidentally crushing your foot with a misplaced hoof – so we watched and I filmed from behind a wall. Tyra slowly paced around the yard, looking around and gazing at us with her big dark eyes as if to reassure us that she had this completely under control. She stopped periodically for contractions, and would often point her back end at us the contractions came – she knew what we were there to monitor.

We watched and I filmed as giraffe Asali was born

As we watched the baby’s nose, tongue, and then the entire head emerged. Unlike a human birth, the head is not the first to come out, but only after the front feet have appeared. After a brief delay the shoulders came after, and then it was just a minute more before the whole baby came sliding out. Since giraffe moms give birth standing up, it’s a rude awakening into life as baby falls to the ground.

The most remarkable thing about the whole process was how silent it was. There were no outcries of pain, beeps of fetal monitors or hurried bustle of nursing staff around a maternity ward.  Zoo veterinarians kept a vigilant eye, ready for any intervention needed, and we all waited holding our breath while Tyra calmly and quietly brought Asali into the world.

 

Meet the Staff: Nathalie Jolicoeur

Posted by in African Forest,Featured,Meet the Staff,Primates

You can see why Natalie is known as a smiler!

Name: Nathalie Jolicoeur
Hometown: Quebec, Canada

Section: Primates- Chimpanzee Keeper

Quote: If you’re gonna be a bear, be a grizzly-When in Rome

Favorite animal: Chimps – I also train them.

Interesting Facts: I speak fluent French.  I haven’t been working here long, but I hear I am already referred to as “that person who’s always walking fast, smiling and waving.”

How long have you been in the animal care field and what institutions did you work at prior to coming to the Houston Zoo?
I worked with Chimpanzees at the Center for Great Apes in Florida for 4 years and at Seaworld in Orlando in the Education Department for 2 years.  I have been working at the Houston Zoo for 1 month.

What made you want to be a zookeeper?
I love to work with animals and I like the challenge they present.  I was volunteering at the Center for Great Apes to get closer to animals and I was exposed to zookeeping.  I was a psychologist but I wasn’t able to work with animals.  I was volunteering one day a week for a year before I was hired at the Center for Great Apes.

Natalie with one of the chimps she works with

What is your previous education/training?
I have my Bachelors of Science and Masters Degree in Psychology from Laval University in Canada.  I had my license in Psychology and had my own practice for a year and a half before I became a keeper.  All of my keeper training was on the job at the Center for Great Apes.

What sort of advice would you give to anyone wanting to enter the zoo field?
Don’t expect the perfect job right away.  Get as much experience as you can and keep learning. You always have to be constantly learning in this job.

What is your favorite animal story?
At the Center for Great Apes we had a baby Chimp named Stryker.  Bubbles, the Chimp that belonged to Michael Jackson, lived at the sanctuary as well.  Mother Chimps are extremely protective and usually do not let their babies wander off anywhere.  One day the baby ventured over to Bubbles, and his mom let him!  Stryker, this little 5 lb baby, was climbing all over Bubbles, who weighed over 200 lbs!  He would climb all over his head, pull on his hair, his ears, poking him in the eyes, and Bubbles never did anything.  Stryker would just hang over his head while Bubbles walked around, and Bubbles was always so patient and gentle.  When Stryker was done, he would climb back to his mom.  Stryker would also mimic Bubbles.  I have this image in my head of Bubbles pushing around a large barrel and Stryker following after him pushing a little can.  They had a really special relationship.

Rhinos Return Series: Rhinos Arrive!

Posted by in African Forest,Endangered,Mammals,Rhinos

At long last, the adventure for our zoo team concludes !

In my last blog we had just boarded our cargo plane to leave Africa.  Flying cargo was certainly an interesting experience.  The plane was a 747.  Anyone who flew on these planes in the 70′s and 80′s might remember that there was an upstairs area.   Back then, the upper flight deck was a lounge area for first class passengers.  That area has long since been replaced with more seats for more revenue, but on our plane there were 6 business class seats, a small galley, the bathroom and two small closet with “beds” in them.  I could barely stretch out on one and I’m only 5’1″ so I’m not sure how the Joe’s fit…they’re both over 6 ft!  But the beds were a nice option when we had been crammed in a car and were still facing  48 hours of transit time.

Knowing there were three rhinos below us that had never flown before was also an adrenaline-pumping feeling.  And believe me, we knew it when they got restless!   Turbulance is one thing, but a rhino bouncing around in a crate is something quite different.  The whole plane would shift and the thumping was a bit disconcerting at first.  During the first leg from Johannesburg to Harare we checked on the rhinos often because we weren’t sure how they would react, and we needed to reassure ourselves that the crates were still safely locked down.  But after a bit the rhinos settled down and so did we.

In between the two shorter legs of our trip, we were on the ground for several hours in both Harare and Nairobi abd we weren’t allowed off the plane.  We used the time to feed the rhinos and watch the cargo being shifted around in the hold.  That in itself was a cool operation to watch.  The floor of the cargo hold was a series of tracks, wheels and mechanized plates that moved the cargo around with seeming ease.  Huge pallets, including the ones the rhinos were on could be moved back & forth like a kid’s puzzle game to make sure everything fit.  Check out this video, curtesy of Dr Joe Flanagan, of the rhino crates being moved into position.  Eventually they had pallets of flowers packed all around them. 

By the third leg of the flight, the long 10 hours from Nairobi to Amsterdam, the rhinos seemed to have gotten the hang of takeoffs and landings.  They seemed less thrilled about the landing part.  With ears as huge as theirs are, I imagine it might have been a bit uncomfortable, especially since we couldn’t explain to them about pressure and without thumbs they can’t hold their nose while blowing!   But the flight was smooth and the Joe’s & I even managed to get some sleep.  Because we were the only passengers, we could turn out the lights on the flight deck and there were no seat mates to climb over to get out of your row. Nice!

Joe K. catching some well deserved zzz's on the cargo plane.

Eventually we landed in Amsterdam where more fun awaited us.  Believe it or not, we were given more conflicting information about where we were supposed to go, where the rhinos were going, where our luggage needed to be and how everyone/thing was getting where.

As I mentioned in my last blog, we originally thought we would have  twelve hours in Amsterdam, but that had been whittled down to about four.  90 minutes of that were spent waiting for the person from the animal hotel to arrive at the plane to transfer the rhinos.  She told us we needed to go through the regular passport control so we waited again while they called someone to come and collect us.  After that we had to find our own way to the animal hotel, which was about a 20 minute brisk walk.  We quickly fed the rhinos, collected our luggage from the pallets  (apparently we were breaking some international regulations by leaving them on the pallets.  It was OK in South Africa, but not The Netherlands…sigh!) and dashed back to the terminal to check in. 

We had been promised that we would get right through the ticketing and security lines.  By now we should have known not to take anything at face value.  Joe Kalla and I could not print our boarding passes at the numerous ticket kiosks they have in Amsterdam.  Dr Joe managed to get some assistance and was successful in printing a boarding pass, but Joe K. and I were directed to a line of other passengers with problems.  We decided that Dr Joe should head to the gate because someone needed to be with the rhinos.  We also needed to figure out where Dan was.  The plan had been to meet him at the hotel the night before and we had no way of letting him know we weren’t going to make it to Amsterdam until morning.

Joe K. discovered that his name was misspelled on his ticket and the people at the “problem line” could not help him.  He was sent away to yet another desk with another line.

I was told there was a security hold on my passport for some reason.  In our post 9/11 world, this was somewhat disturbing to hear.  At this point I was getting a bit impatient and after insisting that I HAD to be on the plane leaving in 20 minutes with the rhinos they printed me a boarding pass but warned me that I would be detained at security.  I saw Joe K. still waiting in a line, wished him luck and headed off to try my own luck with security.  I caught up with Dr Joe and apparently security didn’t care that I was some sort of risk because no one asked me anything and I went right through.  Presently we saw Dan in line behind us.  He had spent a not very comfortable night wandering the airport because the hotel room wasn’t in his name and they wouldn’t let him check in.  The three of us collectively wondered if Joe K. would make it before boarding.  Fortunately (?!?) the flight was packed and getting all the passengers screened took a while. When everyone seemed to have gotten through to the waiting area I asked a staff member if she could check on Joe K’s status.  The computer showed that he was checked in with a boarding pass so we crossed our fingers and hoped he would make it. Finally we saw him coming down the hall and at last we were all set for our final leg of the journey!

This plane was again a 747 but it’s what is referred to as a “combi”.  It holds both passengers and cargo.  The front 2/3 of the plane is passengers, and the back section is cargo.  The two sections are separated by a wall with a door through to cargo.  To the average passenger this would look like the back of the plane.  Little did they know that there were three large and unusual passengers traveling with them!  We had our own KLM staff member that flew with us whose sole job it was to let us through the door to the cargo area to check on the rhinos.

Towards the end of the flight, the male rhino began bouncing in his crate.  By this point we were used to this, but to the stewardess, who’s job it is to know what sounds are normal on the plane and what aren’t, it was quite a surprise.  I saw her eyes get really big and realized that she didn’t know it was the rhinos and not the plane!  She breathed a huge sigh of relief when I explained it was just the rhinos moving around a bit.  I thought it was amusing that we were reassuring the flight crew instead of the other way around.

We were pretty excited, very tired and also extremely relieved when the captain announced that we must all fasten our seat belts, ensure that our seat backs and tray tables were in the proper upright and locked positions and prepare for landing in Houston.  What a welcome sight to see some familiar terrain out the plane window!

It was a beautiful landing. Jeremy Stewart, our resident videographer got a nice shot of our plane landing at IAH. We were very happy to see Hannah Bailey, Curator of Birds, waiting to shuttle us to the cargo area after we cleared customs.  When we arrived at cargo, a whole team of zoo staff was already busy getting our three rhinos loaded onto flatbed trucks for the drive to the zoo.  If you haven’t had the opportunity to see it yet, here’s the video showing the final leg of the rhino’s journey to the Houston Zoo. 

With the rhinos safely unloaded in their brand new barn, our adventure had at long last come to an end.  For all of our guests, though, the adventure is just begining!  We hope you’ll join us on December 10th for the official opening of The African Forest and you’re own adventures with giraffes, chimpanzees, and of course our three new rhinos, Sibindi, Lynne and Annie Kamariah!

If you’d like to read the entire series from the begining, click this link: http://www.houstonzooblogs.org/zoo/category/rhinos-2/ 

Chimp Profiles: Riley and Mac

Posted by in African Forest,Chimpanzees

Brothers Riley and Mac have a relationship like most brothers, torn between being best friends and wanting to punch each other. Riley, ten years older than 16 year-old Mac, is more laid back and comfortable in his role under top male Charlie, who is also his dad. He might also be our noisiest chimp, as he loves to “play the drums” on the metal door panels in the building. Riley also likes to spend time with his keepers and is extraordinarily patience with little brother Willie.

brother, drummer, and all around nice guy

Mac, on the other hand, is a bit more high strung than Riley. He is easily excitable whenever something new or unusual is going on and will put on a display, running around and banging on the window. Teenage male chimps go through growing pains much like their human counterparts and it takes them a while to figure out where they fit in the group. Mac continues to test the waters, trying to determine who is allies are and how far he can push the other members of the group.

not really a kid, not quite a grown up

Some of the strongest bonds in chimp society are those between males, and brothers often stay together their entire lives. When you visit African Forest, keep an eye out for male bonding which can be anything from a quiet grooming session to a rough and tumble game of chase.

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