Posts Tagged ‘Attwater’s Prairie Chicken’

Prairie Chicken #4: Attwater’s Prairie Chicken Nesting

Posted by in Animal Origins & Fun Facts,Endangered Species,Texas

The Attwater’s Prairie Chickens begin nesting in March.  The hens make a depression in the ground filled with grass and feathers under the cover of tall grass clumps to create their nests.  Hens typically begin laying their eggs in late March.

The Attwater’s Prairie Chicken eggs are light tan to light green in color.   The average hen lays a clutch of about 12 eggs.  Once all of the eggs are laid, the hen will begin incubating the eggs.  The incubation period is about 26 days long.  The nests often fall victim to predators such as snakes, fire ants, and hawks; heavy rains can also pose a threat to the success of a nest.  The chicks hatch covered in bright yellow feathers with patches of brown and black.  In the wild, chicks will stay with the hen for about six weeks. 

Attwater's Prairie Chicken Egg

Attwater's Prairie Chicken Egg

At the Houston Zoo, we collect the Attwater’s Prairie Chicken eggs from our captive flock of birds for artificial incubation and hand rearing of the chicks.  This allows us to better protect the eggs from damage and increases the chances of an egg hatching successfully.  Our first Attwater’s Prairie Chicken egg of the 2009 breeding season was laid on March 25, 2009. The hens from our breeding flock at NASA produced 163 eggs in 2009.

Attwater’s Prairie Chicken Post #3 was on 3/16/2009

Prairie Chicken #3: Attwater’s Prairie Chicken Courtship

Posted by in Animal Origins & Fun Facts,Endangered Species,Texas

A captive breeding program was developed for the Attwater’s Prairie Chicken in 1992 in hopes to help boost the amount of prairie chickens in the wild.  The Houston Zoo developed a holding and breeding area on grounds called “Boomtown” for the Attwater’s Prairie Chickens, which served as their home until 2006.  Due to further development of the Zoo, it was determined that the prairie chickens needed a more natural, quieter, and more secluded home.  Through a partnership with NASA’s Johnson Space Center, the Houston Zoo was able to build large holding pens specifically designed for breeding. 

The Attwater’s mating ritual consists of courtship display, called booming, that takes place in a lek, or booming ground.  The males inflate the bright orange air sacs on their necks, extend their pinnae and tail feathers upward, and then drop their heads creating an “oo-la-woo” sound as they rapidly stomp their feet.  Courtship begins in January and mating occurs between from February through mid-May.

Attwater Prairie Chicken post #2 was on 3/2/2010

Prairie Chicken #1: Natural History of Attwater’s Prairie Chicken

Posted by in Animal Origins & Fun Facts,Featured,Texas

Welcome to a 5 part series focusing on the world’s of the Attwater’s Prairie chicken – one of the world’s most endangered birds. Follow us through our egg incubation in April and see what it takes to try and recover a species.

"Booming" male Attwater's Prairie Chicken

"Booming" male Attwater's Prairie Chicken

The Attwater’s Prairie Chicken is a native Texas bird that is brown with strong black bars and a short, round black tail.  They are sexually dimorphic, meaning that males and females have a different appearance.  The males have elongated feathers called pinnae at the back of their head and large orange air sacs on their neck that are inflated during their mating display, called  “booming”.  The tail of a male Attwater’s Prairie Chicken is solid black, while the tail of a female is black with brown bars.  On average, they are about 17 inches long and weigh between 1.5 and 2.5 pounds.  In the wild, adult Attwater’s Prairie Chickens live approximately two to three years, in captivity they can live to about seven years old.  Their diet consists mostly of insects early on; as they get older they begin to eat prairie grasses, seed, and plants as well. 

Attwater’s Prairie Chickens (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) are members of the order Galliformes, family Phasianidae, subfamily Tetraoninae (grouse and relatives), and genus Tympanuchus (prairie chickens and sharp-tailed grouse). The Attwater’s prairie chicken is considered to be one of three subspecies of the Greater Prairie Chicken which also includes the extinct Heath Hen (Tympanuchus cupido cupido) and the Greater Prairie Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus).

The Attwater’s historic range includes millions of acres of the coastal prairies of southeast Texas and southwest Louisiana.  As a result of habitat loss due to farming, industrialization, and pollution, they are currently restricted to two small prairie reserves, The Attwater’s Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge (APCNWR) and The Nature Conservancy’s Texas Prairie Preserve (TNC) and one area of private land near Goliad, Texas.

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